Salam! Khosh amadid!
Hello everyone, how are you?
Let’s have a quiz before we start today.
1- Say these words in Persian:
to stop – mechanic – wall – new – old – school – street – at/in –
2- Say these numbers in Persian!!
5 – 45 – 145 – 1145 – 10145 – 100145 – 1145145 – 10145145 –
3- Say these sentences in Persian:
A – The teacher didn’t beat him today.
B – He pushed me.
C – That student broke the table this morning.
D – She didn’t talk to her friend yesterday.
E – My friend was absent yesterday.
Ok. Let’s start now.
I think we are almost familiar with the simple past tense. Today, we are going to learn another tense, which is luckily very easy. This tense is Present Perfect Tense. I am not going to deal with the Simple Present Tense at this stage as I believe it’s still too soon to deal with an irregular tense. Let’s get more fluent first, and let’s do first things first. I hope you agree with me.
Look at this short sentence:
I saw him.
We already know it perfectly. It means /mæn u: ra: didæm/. Is it correct? Great!
Today, we want to say this:
I have seen him.
Scared?! Just be cool! We will make all ‘Impossibles’ ‘Possible’!!
Let’s take another look at this sentence: I saw him. It means /mæn u: ra: didæm/. Now look at the verb /didæm/.
Do you remember how we made a verb in simple past tense? Yes? Good!
We had /didæn/ for ‘to see’. We deleted /nu:n/ from the end of the infinitive to make a verb in simple past tense. We deleted /nu:n/, and we got /did/, which was a verb in simple past tense. Then we said:
As you remember, we simply added /æm/, /i:/, /im/, /id/, /ænd/ to the end of the verb above.
Do you remember that? Wonderful!
Here, in Present Perfect Tense we follow the same rule with a bit difference. Here’s how:
Delete the /nu:n/ from the end of an infinitive first. We will have a verb in simple past tense like /did/. Then, add /he/ sound to this verb. We will have /dideh/
Next, put /æm/ after the newly made verb. We will have /dideh æm/
which means I have seen.
In short,
/did/ + /he/ + /æm/ = /dideh æm/ which means I have seen.
Still scared? I hope not! You see, it’s really easy. Let’s continue!
/did/ + /he/ + /i:/ = /dideh i:/
which means you have seen.
/did/ + /he/ + /æst/ = /dideh æst/
which means he/she has seen.
/did/ + /he/ + /im/ = /dideh im/
which means we have seen.
/did/ + /he/ + /id/ = /dideh id/
which means you have seen.
/did/ + /he/ + /ænd/ = /dideh ænd/
which means they have seen.
Was it difficult? Of course not! it’s as easy as 1, 2, 3 or I’d better say It’s as easy as drinking water!! (A Persian expression)
Now, let’s try this one: to go = /ræftæn/
Delete /nu:n/ and you’ll have /ræft/.
Add /he/ to /ræft/ and you’ll have /ræfteh/.
Add the above suffixes to /ræfteh/ and you’ll have:
He/she has gone = /ræfteh æst/.
They have gone = /ræfteh ænd/.
Easy, isn’t it?
Now try this one: to write = /neveshtæn/.
I have written = /neveshteh æm/.
You have written = /neveshteh i:/.
He/she has written = /neveshteh æst/.
We have written = /neveshteh im/.
You have written = /neveshteh id/.
They have written = /neveshteh ænd/.
And finally this one: to paint = /ræng kærdæn/.
I have painted = /ræng kærdeh æm/.
You have painted = /ræng kærdeh i:/.
He/she has painted = /ræng kærdeh æst/.
We have painted = /ræng kærdeh im/.
You have painted = /ræng kærdeh id/.
They have painted = /ræng kærdeh ænd/.
All right, we have done a great job today. I hope you enjoyed it.
See you next week!
Khoda Hafez!
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