Persian Lesson 23 – How to Use Nouns with Adjectives, use /ye/ or /-e-/

Dec 22, 2018 - Persian Language Courses

2766

Salam! Khosh amadid!

Thank God we have no questions for this week! (Joke that is!!)

Now let’s begin.

Last week, we learned how to use a noun with an adjective. As you remember, unlike English, adjectives come after nouns in Persian and there can be two conjunctions between nouns and adjectives: /ye/, and /-e-/ sounds. Today we are going to practice more with this to make sure that everything is clearly understood.

Small = /ku:chæk/.

Big = /bozorg/.

Beautiful = /ghæshæng/.

Ugly = /zesht/.

Good = /khu:b/.

Bad = /bæd/.

Flower = /gol/.

A small house = /kha:neh ye ku:chæk/.

A small car = /ma:shin-e- ku:chæk/.

A small book = /keta:b-e- ku:chæk/.

A small bridge = /pol-e- ku:chæk/.

A small flower = /gol-e- ku:chæk/.

A big house = /kha:neh ye bozorg/.

A big car = /ma:shin-e- bozorg/.

A big book = /keta:b-e- bozorg/.

A big bridge = /pol-e- bozorg/.

A big flower = /gol-e- bozorg/.

A beautiful house = /kha:neh ye ghæshæng/.

A beautiful car = /ma:shin-e- ghæshæng/.

A beautiful flower = /gol-e- ghæshæng/.

A beautiful bridge = /pol-e- ghæshæng/.

An ugly house = /kha:neh ye zesht/.

An ugly car = /ma:shin-e- zesht/.

An ugly flower = /gol-e- zesht/.

An ugly bridge = /pol-e- zesht/.

A good house = /kha:neh ye khu:b/.

A good book = /keta:b-e- khu:b/.

A good car = /ma:shin-e- khu:b/.

A good flower = /gol-e- khu:b/.

A good bridge = /pol-e- khu:b/.

A bad house = /kha:neh ye bæd/.

A bad car = /ma:shin-e- bæd/.

A bad flower = /gol-e- bæd/.

A bad bridge = /pol-e- bæd/.

Note: in all the above phrases, ‘a’ does not mean ‘one’. Rather it’s an ‘indefinite article’. We could put /yek/ in front of all the above Persian phrases or /i:/ sound at the end of adjectives if ‘a’ referred to ‘one’. Please look at the following examples:

A house = /kha:neh/.

I sold a house = /mæn yek kha:neh ra: foru:khtæm/. Or /mæn kha:neh i: ra: foru:khtæm/.

Note: as you see, /i:/ comes after the noun.

I sold a beautiful house = /mæn yek kha:neh ye ghæshæng ra: foru:khtæm/. Or /mæn kha:neh ye ghæshængi: ra: foru:khtæm/.

Note: as you see, /i:/ comes after the adjective, not the noun.

Examples:

I bought a small house last year. /mæn kha:neh ye ku:chæki: ra: pa:r sa:l khæridæm.

Or /mæn yek kha:neh ye ku:chæk ra: pa:r sa:l khæridæm/.

To receive = /dærya:ft kærdæn/.

I received a beautiful flower yesterday. /mæn gol-e- ghæshængi: ra: diru:z dærya:ft kærdæm/. Or /mæn yek gol-e- ghæshæng ra: diru:z dærya:ft kærdæm/.

My friend built an ugly house two years ago. /du:stæm kha:neh ye zeshti: ra: do sa:l-e- pish sa:kht/.

Or /du:stæm yek kha:neh ye zesht ra: do sa:l-e- pish sa:kht/.

All right, that’s all we have to learn today. Please don’t forget your support.

See you next week.

Khoda Hafez!

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All Comments (2)

Bernd

4613

Sala:m, in "mæn kha:neh i: ra: foru:khtæm" the i: appears in Persian "خانه ای" but in "mæn yek kha:neh ye ku:chæk ra:" there is no ye "خانه" as expected "خانه یی". Could you please explain this? Xeyli mamnun.

Pouria

2224

That's a good question. for the words you mentioned, "خانه کوچک" there is a name and an adjective. In this case if the word ends in "الف" or "و", you will have that "ی" in between. for example: دریای کوچک، آهوی بزرگ، ابروی باریک. For other words, we used to have "ء" in old literature which was added on the last letter before the adjective which is not used in modern Persian that much. I mean that sentence used to be like this: من یک خانهء کوچک را ... but the "ء" should be written ON the "ه" not after it and it is not used much more these days.